COVID-19 vaccination
Free for everyone — boosters recommended for older adults and at-risk groups
What it is, and why it matters
COVID-19 is the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. After the initial pandemic phase the virus has settled into a pattern of seasonal waves driven by evolving Omicron-derived variants. Most infections are mild, but older adults, immunocompromised people and those with chronic conditions remain at meaningful risk of severe disease, hospitalisation and post-acute sequelae (long COVID).
Australia continues to see ongoing transmission and periodic surges, with hospitalisations concentrated in people aged 70 and over and in residential aged care. The virus continues to evolve — vaccine formulations are updated to match the current dominant variants.
How covid-19 vaccination works
Australia's COVID-19 vaccine portfolio includes mRNA vaccines and recombinant protein-based vaccines. Formulations have been periodically updated to target current circulating variants — most recently the JN.1 lineage and its descendants — under ATAGI guidance.
All registered COVID-19 vaccines available in Australia are non-live and can be safely co-administered with other vaccines including the seasonal influenza vaccine.
TGA advertising compliance. Vaccines are described by disease or category in line with the Therapeutic Goods Advertising Code. Specific brands are confirmed with you at the consultation.
Funding and eligibility for covid-19 vaccination
Anchored to the National Immunisation Program schedule and ATAGI advice. Your immuniser confirms your eligibility at the pre-vaccination consultation.
Everyone in Australia aged 5 and over
Free under the NIP — primary course and recommended boosters.
Adults aged 75 and over
Booster recommended every 6 months as standard.
Adults aged 65–74
Booster recommended annually; every 6 months if eligible risk factors.
Severely immunocompromised people aged 5+
Booster every 6 months recommended — discuss timing with your immuniser.
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 50+
Booster every 12 months recommended.
Doses and timing
Schedules below reflect typical recommendations. Your immuniser will confirm exactly what applies to you, including any catch-up doses and co-administration with other vaccines.
- Primary course: usually two doses for those who have never been vaccinated.
- Boosters: timing depends on your age and risk profile — see the ATAGI advice or ask your immuniser.
- Can be co-administered with influenza, shingles, pneumococcal and most other vaccines.
What to expect
- Sore arm, mild fever, fatigue and headache for 24–48 hours.
- Myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported, mostly in young males after second mRNA dose; mostly mild and self-limited.
- Severe allergic reactions are very rare; the 15-minute observation manages these.
Precautions
- A prior episode of myocarditis after a COVID-19 vaccine warrants a discussion with a GP or cardiologist before further doses.
- Defer if you currently have COVID-19 — most authorities suggest waiting 3–6 months from a confirmed infection before the next booster.
How well the vaccine works
Updated boosters substantially reduce hospitalisation and death from currently circulating variants, even though protection against any infection wanes over weeks to months. The benefit is greatest in older adults and those with risk factors.
FAQs about covid-19 vaccination
Do I still need a COVID-19 booster?
It depends on your age and risk profile. People aged 75 and over are advised to have a booster every 6 months. Adults 65–74 are advised annually. Younger healthy adults can choose based on personal risk and ATAGI guidance — the vaccines remain free.
Can I have it at the same time as my flu shot?
Yes. ATAGI advice is that COVID-19 and influenza vaccines can be safely co-administered, typically one in each arm.
How long after a COVID-19 infection should I wait before a booster?
Most authorities recommend waiting at least 3 months after a confirmed infection before your next booster, as recent infection provides short-term protection.
Deeper reading on covid-19
Book your covid-19 vaccination
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