Use this as a starting point for travel planning, then check the latest country-specific advice on Smartraveller before booking. You can also explore our interactive travel vaccine guide which lets you pick a region and see typical recommendations.
South-East Asia (Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Philippines, etc.)
Hepatitis A almost always recommended. Typhoid for off-the-resort travel. Japanese encephalitis for rural or rainy-season travel. Hepatitis B for longer stays or possible medical contact. Rabies for outdoor or remote itineraries. Routine catch-ups (measles, dTpa, polio) for many travellers.
Indian subcontinent (India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan)
Hepatitis A and typhoid for most travellers. Hepatitis B for stays over 4 weeks or medical contact. Japanese encephalitis for rural travel. Rabies for travel involving outdoor or animal-contact activities. Cholera for higher-risk relief or remote travel.
Sub-Saharan Africa
Yellow fever certificate required for many countries (must be issued by an authorised centre). Hepatitis A, typhoid, hepatitis B routinely advised. Rabies, meningococcal ACWY (especially during the dry-season meningitis belt). Malaria chemoprophylaxis is medication, not vaccine, but is core to planning.
South America and Central America
Yellow fever in Amazonian and some Andean regions, certificate may be required for onward travel. Hepatitis A and typhoid routinely. Hepatitis B for longer stays. Rabies for remote or outdoor travel. Malaria advice for specific regions.
Middle East
Routine adult vaccinations should be current. Hepatitis A and typhoid for some itineraries. Meningococcal ACWY is required for Hajj and Umrah pilgrimage entry. Country-specific advice varies considerably.
Pacific Islands
Routine catch-ups current, hepatitis A typically recommended, hepatitis B for longer or healthcare-related stays. Outbreaks vary, check Smartraveller.
Europe, North America, North-East Asia
Generally no special travel vaccines, but make sure your routine adult schedule is current, MMR, dTpa, COVID-19 boosters, annual flu.
Always book a travel consult at least 6–8 weeks before departure, see our timing post.
Sources & further reading
General information only. This article is educational and is not a substitute for personal medical advice. Your immuniser will confirm eligibility and contraindications on the day.
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